MIPS Assembly Dynamically Allocating memory example:
Enter player's name, points and minutes, and then sorting using dynamically allocating techniques.
Expected results:
MIPS Assembly Code for dynamically allocating memory:
.data
buffer: .space 28
done_str: .asciiz "DONE"
enter_players_name: .asciiz "Enter player's last name: "
enter_players_points: .asciiz "Enter player's points per game: "
enter_players_minutes: .asciiz "Enter player's minutes per game: "
newline: .asciiz "\n"
blank_text: .asciiz " "
.text
main: addi $s4,$zero,0 # count number of players
loop_in:la $a0,enter_players_name
li $v0, 4
syscall # load and print asking for player's last name
li $v0, 8 # take the last name of the player
la $a0,buffer
li $a1,28
syscall
# count number of characters in the last name
la $t1, buffer # lower array pointer = array base
la $t2, buffer # start upper pointer at beginning
LengthLp:
lb $t3, ($t2) # grab the character at upper ptr
beqz $t3, LengthDn # if $t3 == 0, we're at the terminator
addi $t2, $t2, 1 # count the character
b LengthLp # repeat the loop
LengthDn:
addi $t2, $t2, -1
sub $s7,$t2,$t1 # number of characters are entered
addi $t3,$zero,4
beq $s7,$t3,compDone # compare with "DONE" to finish the program
loop_i1:la $a0,enter_players_points
li $v0, 4
syscall # load and print asking for player's points per game
li $v0, 6 # read float 1
syscall # do it
mov.s $f1, $f0
la $a0,enter_players_minutes
li $v0, 4
syscall # load and print asking for player's minutes per game
li $v0, 6 # read float 2
syscall # do it
mov.s $f2, $f0
mtc1 $zero, $f3 #move to FP registers
cvt.s.w $f4, $f3
c.eq.s $f1, $f4
bc1t zero_float
c.eq.s $f2, $f4
bc1t zero_float
div.s $f5, $f1, $f2
#--------------DONE ASKING--------## $s4: number of players
zero_back: beq $s4,$zero,first_player
addi $s4,$s4,1# Add new players and allocate new memory, deallocate the old memory
addi $t3,$zero,4
addi $t4,$zero,28
mult $s4,$t4
mflo $t5 # new number of bytes of name memory
mult $s4,$t3
mflo $t6 # new number of bytes of point/min memory
li $v0,9 # Allocate new memory for name memory
move $a0,$t5
syscall # $v0 <= address of name memory
move $s1,$v0 # new address of name memory
li $v0,9 # Allocate new memory for point/min memory
move $a0,$t6
syscall # $v0 <= address of point/min memory
move $s2,$v0 #new address of point/min memory
#---Copy data from old mem to new mem --#
# $s4-1: number of players in old mem
# $s5: address of old name memory
# $s6: address of old point/min memory
# $s1: address of new name memory
# $s2: address of new point/min memory
addi $s7,$zero,0
loop_copy:
addi $t3,$zero,28
mult $s7,$t3
mflo $t4
addi $t5,$zero,4
mult $s7,$t5
mflo $t6
add $t0,$t4,$s5 # copy names
add $t1,$t4,$s1
add $t2,$t6,$s6 # copy point/min
add $t3,$t6,$s2
# change number of characters
addi $t7,$zero,0
loop1: add $s0,$t0,$t7
add $t4,$t1,$t7
lw $t5,0($s0) # copy name of the player
sw $t5,0($t4)
addi $t7,$t7,4
addi $t5,$zero,28
bne $t7,$t5,loop1
l.s $f3,0($t2)
s.s $f3,0($t3) # copy point/min of the player
addi $s7,$s7,1
addi $t0,$s4,-1
beq $s7,$t0,save_new_player #save until the end of the old memory
j loop_copy
save_new_player:
addi $t0,$s4,-1
addi $t3,$zero,28
mult $t0,$t3
mflo $t4
addi $t5,$zero,4
mult $t0,$t5
mflo $t6
la $a0,buffer
add $t1,$t4,$s1
add $t3,$t6,$s2
# change number of characters
addi $t7,$zero,0
loop2: add $s0,$a0,$t7
add $t4,$t1,$t7
lw $t5,0($s0) # copy name of the player
sw $t5,0($t4)
addi $t7,$t7,4
addi $t5,$zero,28
bne $t7,$t5,loop2
s.s $f5,0($t3) # save point/min of the player
#deallocate the old memory
move $a0,$s5 # address of old memory
addi $t5,$zero,28
addi $t6,$s4,-1
mult $t6,$t5
mflo $t6
move $a1, $t6 # number of bytes of old memory
jal zeroMem
move $a0,$s6 # address of old memory
addi $t5,$zero,4
addi $t6,$s4,-1
mult $t6,$t5
mflo $t6
move $a1, $t6 # number of bytes of old memory
jal zeroMem
move $s5,$s1 #update old memory of name
move $s6,$s2 #update old memory of point/min
j loop_in
first_player:
li $v0,9 # Allocate a block of memory for name array
li $a0,28
syscall # $v0 <= address of name array
move $s5,$v0
li $v0,9 # Allocate a block of memory for value array
li $a0,4
syscall # $v0 <= address of value array
move $s6,$v0
#--save data--#
la $a0,buffer
# change number of characters
addi $t7,$zero,0
loop3: add $s0,$a0,$t7
add $t4,$s5,$t7
lw $t5,0($s0) # copy name of the player
sw $t5,0($t4)
addi $t7,$t7,4
addi $t5,$zero,28
bne $t7,$t5,loop3
s.s $f5,0($s6)
addi $s4,$s4,1
j loop_in
compDone: # Compare the string in address $a0 with "DONE"
la $t1, buffer # lower array pointer = array base
la $t3, done_str
lb $t4, 0($t1)
lb $t5, 0($t3)
bne $t4,$t5,loop_i1
lb $t4, 1($t1)
lb $t5, 1($t3)
bne $t4,$t5,loop_i1
lb $t4, 2($t1)
lb $t5, 2($t3)
bne $t4,$t5,loop_i1
lb $t4, 3($t1)
lb $t5, 3($t3)
bne $t4,$t5,loop_i1
la $a0,newline
li $v0, 4 # print string
syscall # do it
addi $t0,$zero,1
beq $s4,$t0,print_one
# DONE ACCEPTING PLAYER's DATA
# Continue on sorting
move $t0, $s6 # Copy the base address of point/min memory
addi $t4,$zero,4
addi $t5,$s4,-1
mult $t5,$t4
mflo $t5
add $t0, $t0, $t5 # 4 bytes per data * $s4
outterLoop: # Used to determine when we are done iterating over the Array
add $t1, $0, $0 # $t1 holds a flag to determine when the list is sorted
move $a0, $s6 # Set $a0 to the base address of the Array
move $a1,$s5
innerLoop: # The inner loop will iterate over the Array checking if a swap is needed
l.s $f2, 0($a0) # sets $f2 to the current element in array
l.s $f3, 4($a0) # sets $f3 to the next element in array
c.lt.s $f2, $f3
bc1f continue
add $t1, $0, 1 # if we need to swap, we need to check the list again
#SWAP point/min and player's name
s.s $f2, 4($a0)
s.s $f3, 0($a0)
# change number of characters
addi $t7,$zero,0
addi $t6,$zero,28
loop4: add $s0,$a1,$t7
add $t4,$a1,$t6
lw $t2,0($s0)
lw $t3,0($t4)
sw $t2,0($t4)
sw $t3,0($s0)
addi $t7,$t7,4
addi $t6,$t6,4
addi $t5,$zero,28
bne $t7,$t5,loop4
continue:
addi $a0, $a0, 4 # advance the array to start at the next location from last time
addi $a1, $a1, 28
bne $a0, $t0, innerLoop
bne $t1, $0, outterLoop # $t1 = 1, another pass is needed, jump back to outterLoop
#---print data OUT-----#
printOut: move $a2,$s6
move $a3,$s5
addi $t4,$zero,4
multu $s4,$t4
mflo $t5
move $a1,$t5
beq $a1, $zero, endPrint # if length == 0, branch to endPrint
addi $s0, $a2, 0
addi $s1, $a1, 0
addi $s3,$a3,0
addi $t0, $zero, 0 # t0 = 0
addi $t7, $zero, 0 # t7 = 0
printLoop: # PRINT NAME AND POINT/MIN
# print name
addi $t3, $zero, 0
add $s7,$s3,$t7 # increase the index of players
#li $v0, 4 # print characters
#move $a0,$s7
#syscall # do it
# print byte by byte
move $t2,$s7
print_loop1: add $t2,$s7,$t3
lb $t6,0($t2)
addi $t4,$t6,-10
beqz $t4, print_next
li $v0, 11 # print character
move $a0,$t6
syscall # do it
addi $t3,$t3,1
addi $t4,$zero,28
bne $t3,$t4,print_loop1
# print point/min
print_next: li $v0, 4
la $a0,blank_text
syscall
add $t1, $s0, $t0
l.s $f12, 0($t1)
li $v0,2
syscall
li $v0, 4 # v0 = 4
la $a0, newline
syscall
addi $t7, $t7, 28
addi $s1, $s1, -4 # s1 = s1 -4
addi $t0, $t0, 4 # t0 = t0 + 4 (next element)
bne $t0, $t5, printLoop # if s1 != 0, branch to printLoop
endPrint: li $v0,4 # v0 = 4
la $a0, newline
syscall # print string "\n"
done1:
li $v0, 10 # set $v0 = 10 to exit
syscall # exit
# Deallocate or set zeros to memory
# $a0 = address of block of memory
# $a1 = number of bytes to set to zero
zeroMem:
beq $a1,$zero,done
sb $zero,0($a0)
addiu $a0,$a0,1
addi $a1,$a1,-1
j zeroMem
done:
jr $ra
zero_float:
mtc1 $zero, $f3 #move to FP registers
cvt.s.w $f4, $f3
mov.s $f5,$f3
j zero_back
print_one:
addi $t3,$zero,0
move $t2,$s5
move $s7,$s5
print_loop2: add $t2,$s7,$t3
lb $t6,0($t2)
addi $t4,$t6,-10
beqz $t4, print_next1
li $v0, 11 # print character
move $a0,$t6
syscall # do it
addi $t3,$t3,1
addi $t4,$zero,28
bne $t3,$t4,print_loop2
print_next1: li $v0, 4
la $a0,blank_text
syscall
l.s $f12, 0($s6) # print point/min
li $v0,2
syscall
li $v0, 4 # v0 = 4
la $a0, newline
syscall
li $v0, 10 # set $v0 = 10 to exit
syscall # exit
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